Good luck finding objective information on the Intertubes. Ninety-nine percent of whats out there seems to be unsupported marketing hype, experiences from people who used product X with no objective comparison to other products, or armchair experts parroting what they've read from the other two categories. The best info I've been able to glean boils down to this:
Butyl vs Asphalt - the problems with asphalt-based products is that it melts at a lower temperature than butyl, and it stinks. Apparently it can fail when the car gets hot. Smell varies with product. It's also a lot less expensive than butyl so that's a big plus.
Constrained Layer Dampener - This is the big one for me. According to acoustic engineers, that layer of foil or other somewhat rigid material on top significantly enhances the sound dampening ability of the product by sandwiching the visco-elastic layer between two rigid materials. There's physics behind it, but I was convinced.
As for peel and seal, it is a free layer so will provide sound dampening, but supposedly not nearly as much as the foil-faced specialty products. I haven't found objective data about how much better though. Also, I've used peel and seal on roofs and the stuff stinks like hell. I don't trust anyone who says X doesn't stink. We just bought a new mattress that all the reviewers claimed didn't smell bad out of the box. It was a week before we could sleep on the damn thing without choking.
If I were going to go back in with a free layer asphalt product, I'd probably just buy the
die cut tar kit from George . At least you'd know you were getting as good as factory. I'm hoping to improve sound deadening a bit with more modern products.