Old school way we tested them in the past was with a load tester.
This is a modern fancy version, all mine just had needles.
https://www.autometer.com/bva-34-800-amp-va...mp;gclsrc=aw.dsYou have to know how to use them.
Basically, you get the engine speed above thermal cut it (usually 2k rpm works fine) and you twist the main knob adding load to the system through a carbon pile that would get HOT during the testing.
You would test how many amps the alternator could hold before it dropped below a certain voltage (usually 12.5) and you would know your total output.
You can sort of do this with nothing more than a DVOM.
Carbon pile testers are expensive, and they don't last forever.
I've done without one for a couple of decades now.
DVOM process. get car hot and idling with no loads on. Record voltage across battery terminal. raise engine speed to 2k, record voltage.
Turn on ALL loads in the car. all lights, all blowers, everything you can tun on.
The only thing I leave off is the wiper system.
Running any wiper system on dry glass can destroy it.
Radio maxed, everything...
Do the readings again at idle and 2K
If all of your readings were above 12.7 you are golden. I'd expect the lowest readings at idle with loads followed by idle no load. If your 2k readings were in the 13-14.5 range I'd be happy.
There's more to it than that but that is a 60 second health check which will usually show a weak alternator.
Hope this helped,
Rick