If you've got carbs, pretty darn far. If you've got FI, not quite so far. And if you've got some fancy shmancy FI and ignition setup, not too far at all.
That's assuming it's in the middle of the day and you're not using the heater fan or defrost either...
Anectode: I was driving my '87 VW GTi from SF to P-Land, and lost the alternator clamp somewhere just north of Lake Powell... Made it to Weed before the gauges started freaking out, and I knew I had maybe a minute left. Fortunately, there was a hotel nearby to the parts shop where I could order a new alternator clamp...
That car probably had a bit more amperage overhead than a 914, but a good battery will take you pretty far without an alternator. However, no alternator will take you very far if the battery terminal comes loose...
-Josh2